Effect of Culture Media and Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Proliferation and Rooting of Internode Explants from Moroccan Native Almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) Genotypes

In this study, several methods have been used to facilitate shoot formation from nodal explants of local almond ecotypes known as “Beldi” grown in Eastern Morocco. Nodal segments divers old genotypes were cultured on various concentrations auxin (indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)) and cytokinins (6-benzyl-aminopurine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ), kinetin (KIN)) added two different media (Murashige Skoog (MS) Heller medium). The results showed that TDZ was more effective than the other tested hormones for vitro proliferation ecotype. at concentration 1 mg/L significantly improved rate, with highest percentage (63.6% ± 0.63) number regenerated shoots (13 0.54) recorded S1 genotype inoculated MS medium, while most significant rooting rate (60.41% 0.81) proliferated roots per (7.3 1.36) achieved S2 IBA incorporated a half-strength medium. With 80% plantlets survival, rooted successfully adapted vivo conditions vigorously greenhouse without any morphological abnormalities.